24 abril 2020

Pensamiento 4.0

Por Florinda Pargas Gabaldón.

Pensamiento 4.0 es una propuesta de pensamiento innovador, enmarcada en los nuevos paradigmas y tendencias que la dinámica social, laboral y cultural nos impone con su ritmo avasallante e indetenible. Estamos absolutamente convencidos que estamos viviendo una Cuarta Revolución Industrial, cambios trascendentales que modifican de manera drástica nuestra manera de hacer, producir y convivir. Estos cambios ameritan un talento adecuado a esos nuevos retos y desafíos. Los modelos educativos actuales (académicos y empresariales) necesitan adecuarse a estos requerimientos, adaptar sus metodologías, desarrollar competencias y capacidades necesarias para este momento histórico. Una educación innovadora para desarrollar talento humano resiliente, adaptativo y creativo, estimulado por un pensamiento disruptivo, eso es Pensamiento 4.0.

Hemos tomado como referencia un conjunto de modelos y tendencias, en el marco del Desarrollo Humano, tales como: educación para el desarrollo, el enfoque de las capacidades y las últimas investigaciones en neurociencias con el fin de desarrollar una propuesta que explora el desarrollo de capacidades necesarias para este nuevo siglo, en términos de convivencia ciudadana y competencias sociales, para dar respuesta a los grandes retos de este cambio “epocal”.

Creemos en un pensamiento multidisciplinario, más humano, emocional, enfocado al Ser más que en el Hacer. Una educación que nos active los sentidos, para estar conscientes de nuestra corresponsabilidad con el bienestar común de todos los que habitamos este planeta. Que nos permita evolucionar de un Homo Sapiens (Humano Sabio) a un Homo Humanitas (Humano Humanista).

Mirar al individuo como parte de un todo, con sus necesidades individuales, como parte de una comunidad global cuyo hacer impacta en su entorno, es decir no estamos aislados y somos responsables de nuestras acciones. En definitiva, un ciudadano del mundo con mirada global y pensamiento local.

Enfoque de las capacidades

En los últimos años diversos autores y académicos, como Martha Nussbaum y Amartya Sen, han promovido una educación orientada a desarrollar tres capacidades fundamentales para el cultivo de la humanidad y la democracia: pensamiento crítico, ciudadanía global y comprensión imaginativa. Este planteamiento está estrechamente vinculado con las dimensiones y pilares promovidos por la UNESCO con su modelo de Educación para el Desarrollo. Este enfoque busca promover una formación para la ciudadanía, local y global, bajo marcos referenciales de igualdad de oportunidades, libertad participativa, autonomía responsable, no discriminación, tolerancia y pluralismo.

Neurociencias

La neurociencia forma parte de un conjunto de disciplinas abocadas al estudio del sistema nervioso, desde la conformación puramente física del sistema hasta lo que hace referencia a lo conductual y cognitivo, que se refleja en las actitudes y acciones de cada individuo para con el exterior.

Las técnicas desarrolladas, a partir de estas investigaciones sobre el comportamiento humano para potenciar su proceso de aprendizaje, han sido ampliamente documentadas y nos sirven de referencia para implementar una metodología de enseñanza/aprendizaje que estimule la inteligencia emocional y social, la escucha activa, la comunicación asertiva, la empatía, flexibilidad, tolerancia, sinergia y el Enfoque Bimodal Gerencial.

La clave del Pensamiento 4.0 es el aprendizaje flexible, al propio ritmo y basado en la analítica de datos, centrada en la adquisición de las competencias del siglo XXI, especialmente de todas aquellas que no pueden desempeñar los robots: el pensamiento creativo, la innovación, la vinculación en redes de trabajo colaborativas, la resiliencia, la bimodalidad, entre otras.

Desarrollar Habilitadores Tecnológicos (Internet de las cosas, Cloud Computing, Big Data, AI) representa un gran reto y requiere de grandes inversiones, para incorporar a todas las organizaciones a una economía global digitalizada, pero esto no sucederá si no se acopla con la activación de Habilitadores Culturales, enmarcados en el nuevo paradigma del Pensamiento 4.0.

El Ser Humano, en el centro, de esta gran transformación digital.

Florinda Pargas Gabaldón

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